How to Install Different Types of Hard Flooring
Posted September 18, 2024
Whether you're renovating a classic villa in Merivale or updating a modern home in Rolleston, choosing the right hard flooring can transform your space. Here at Floorpride Christchurch, we've helped countless Canterbury homeowners navigate the world of hard flooring. From the enduring charm of native timber to the practicality of modern vinyl, we've got you covered.
What are the main types of hard flooring?
New Zealand homes feature a diverse range of hard flooring options, each suited to our unique climate and lifestyle. The main types include:
- Solid hardwood (including native timbers like Rimu)
- Engineered timber
- Laminate
- Vinyl plank
- Tiles
Let's explore each type and their installation processes.
How do you install solid hardwood flooring?
Solid hardwood flooring, particularly our beloved native timbers, adds warmth and character to any home. Here's how to install it:
- Acclimatise the wood for at least 48 hours in the room
- Prepare the subfloor, ensuring it's clean, dry, and level
- Install a moisture barrier if needed
- Lay the first row along the straightest wall
- Use spacers to maintain an expansion gap
- Nail or glue subsequent rows, staggering the joints
- Cut boards to fit around obstacles and edges
Top tip: Use a pneumatic flooring nailer for faster, more secure installation.
What's the process for laying engineered timber flooring?
Engineered timber offers the look of hardwood with added stability – perfect for Christchurch's varied climate. Here's the installation process:
- Allow the flooring to acclimatise for 24-48 hours
- Clean and level the subfloor
- Install underlay if required
- Start laying from the longest straight wall
- Use spacers for expansion gaps
- Click or glue planks together, depending on the system
- Stagger end joints for a natural look
- Cut boards to fit around corners and edges
For more details on the differences between solid and engineered wood, check out our article on choosing between solid and engineered wood flooring.
How is laminate flooring installed?
Laminate flooring is a cost-effective and durable option. Here's how to install it:
- Acclimatise the laminate for 48 hours
- Prepare the subfloor, removing any old flooring
- Install underlay for sound insulation and moisture protection
- Start laying from a corner, using spacers for expansion
- Click planks together, following the manufacturer's instructions
- Stagger end joints by at least 30 cm
- Cut boards to fit around obstacles
- Install beading or skirting to cover expansion gaps
What's the best way to lay vinyl plank flooring?
Vinyl plank flooring is water-resistant and easy to maintain. Follow these steps to install it:
- Allow the vinyl to acclimatise for 24-48 hours
- Ensure the subfloor is clean, dry, and level
- Install underlay if recommended by the manufacturer
- Start laying from the centre of the room
- Click or glue planks together, depending on the type
- Stagger end joints for a natural appearance
- Use a utility knife to cut planks for edges and corners
- Leave an expansion gap around the perimeter
How do you install tile flooring?
Tile flooring is ideal for wet areas and high-traffic zones. Here's how to lay it:
- Ensure the subfloor is structurally sound and level
- Apply a layer of tile backer board if needed
- Plan your tile layout, starting from the centre of the room
- Spread adhesive with a notched trowel
- Lay tiles, using spacers for even gaps
- Cut tiles to fit around edges and obstacles
- Allow adhesive to dry as per manufacturer's instructions
- Apply grout between tiles
- Clean excess grout and seal if necessary
| Flooring Type | Difficulty | Tools Needed | Time to Install (9 sq m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solid Hardwood | High | Nail gun, saw, mallet | 2-3 days |
| Engineered Timber | Medium | Saw, tapping block, pull bar | 1-2 days |
| Laminate | Low | Saw, tapping block, pull bar | 1 day |
| Vinyl Plank | Low | Utility knife, straightedge | 4-8 hours |
| Tiles | High | Tile cutter, trowel, grout float | 2-3 days |
What are some general tips for installing hard flooring?
Regardless of the flooring type, keep these tips in mind:
- Always read and follow the manufacturer's instructions
- Use appropriate safety gear, including knee pads and eye protection
- Measure twice, cut once to minimise waste (and trips to the hardware store - you've spent enough time at Mitre10!)
- Allow for expansion gaps around the room's perimeter, crucial in our fluctuating climate
- Use transition strips between different flooring types or rooms
- Consider professional installation for complex jobs or large areas
What are common mistakes to avoid when installing hard flooring?
When laying a new floor, especially solid wood or hardwood flooring, DIY enthusiasts often encounter pitfalls. Here are key mistakes to avoid:
- Skipping subfloor preparation: A smooth, level subfloor is crucial. Neglecting this step can lead to an uneven or squeaky floor.
- Ignoring acclimatisation: Wood flooring needs time to adjust to your home's environment. Failing to let it acclimatise can result in gaps or buckling later.
- Forgetting expansion gaps: Wood expands and contracts with temperature and humidity changes. Without proper gaps, your floor may buckle or warp.
- Improper board layout: Failing to stagger joints or not starting with a straight first row can compromise the entire installation.
- Misusing tools: Incorrect use of flooring nailers or adhesive spreaders can damage boards or create weak spots.
- Neglecting moisture barriers: This is especially important for installations over concrete subfloors or in damp areas.
- Rushing the job: Taking shortcuts or working too quickly often leads to mistakes and a less-than-perfect finish.
- Poor planning around obstacles: Failing to plan for radiator pipes, doorways, or other obstacles can result in awkward cuts and poor fit.
- Ignoring manufacturer instructions: Each flooring type and brand may have specific installation requirements. Always follow these guidelines.
- Skipping the finishing touches: Neglecting to install skirting boards, transition strips, or apply final finishes can leave your project looking incomplete.
By avoiding these common errors, you'll be well on your way to a professional-looking hardwood floor installation. Remember, taking your time and following guidelines carefully will lead to better results. If you're unsure about any step in the process, it's always wise to consult a professional or consider professional installation services.
How do you maintain different types of hard flooring?
Proper maintenance is crucial for extending the life and beauty of your hard flooring. Here's how to care for various types:
Laminate Flooring
- Sweep or vacuum regularly to remove dirt and debris
- Mop with a slightly damp cloth, avoiding excess water
- Use a laminate-specific cleaner for stubborn stains
- Wipe up spills immediately to prevent damage to the core
Real Timber Flooring
- Sweep or dust mop daily to prevent scratches from grit
- Use wood-specific cleaners for deeper cleaning
- Monitor room humidity (aim for 35-55%) to prevent warping
- Recoat every 3-5 years to maintain the protective finish
Vinyl Plank Flooring
- Sweep or vacuum frequently to remove loose dirt
- Mop with a mild detergent solution for thorough cleaning
- Use vinyl-safe cleaning products for tough stains
- Place mats at entrances to catch mud and grit
Tile Flooring
- Sweep or vacuum regularly to remove abrasive particles
- Mop with warm water and a mild detergent
- Clean grout lines periodically with a grout cleaner
- Reseal grout annually to prevent staining and moisture penetration
Solid Hardwood Flooring
- Dust mop or vacuum with a soft brush attachment daily
- Clean with a hardwood-specific cleaner monthly
- Avoid wet-mopping or steam cleaning
- Refinish every 7-10 years or when signs of wear appear
Remember, prompt spill clean-up is crucial for all flooring types. Quick action can prevent staining, warping, or other damage.
For specific care instructions tailored to your flooring brand and type, always refer to the manufacturer's guidelines. Regular maintenance not only keeps your floors looking great but also protects your investment in the long run.
Wrapping Up: Professional vs DIY Installation
While the allure of DIY floor installation is strong, especially for budget-conscious homeowners, it's crucial to weigh the pros and cons carefully. Here are some key points to consider:
- Skill Level: Installing hardwood or solid wood flooring requires precision and experience. Professionals bring years of expertise to the job.
- Minimise Wasteage: A professional installer will minimise the waste in product used thereby containing total cost.
- Time Investment: A DIY project can take significantly longer, potentially disrupting your home life for an extended period.
- Tools and Equipment: Professional installers have access to specialised tools that ensure a high-quality finish.
- Warranty Considerations: Some manufacturers may void warranties if flooring isn't professionally installed.
- Complex Layouts: Rooms with unusual shapes or obstacles may benefit from professional problem-solving skills.
- Long-Term Performance: Properly installed flooring lasts longer and performs better, potentially saving money in the long run.
Remember, while DIY installation can save money upfront, professional installation often ensures the best results, especially for high-value materials like real timber flooring. The investment in professional installation can pay dividends in terms of floor longevity, appearance, and overall satisfaction.
If you decide to tackle the project yourself, take time to thoroughly research proper techniques, gather the right tools, and perhaps practice on a small area first. For those opting for professional installation, choose a reputable contractor with experience in your specific flooring type.
Ultimately, the decision between DIY and professional installation depends on your skills, time, budget, and the complexity of your project. Whichever route you choose, proper planning and attention to detail will help ensure a beautiful, long-lasting floor that enhances your home for years to come.